The Housing Problem in Egypt Historical Analysis to Housing Policies from 1952 to 2011

Objective of the Research:
The research aims to demonstrate and analyze the development of 
the Housing problem in Egypt and the policies of the country to face it in 
the period from 1952 in the last decade to 2011. The study depends on the 
analysis of the documents on the Housing policies available on the time 
of the research. The study came out in two axes as follows:
- The importance of the house and the right to possess one (Analysis of 
the International charters and articles of the constitution of 2014).
- The dimensions of the Housing problem and the policies implemented 
to confront it during the time period covered in the study.
The study reached various results the most important are: 
- The features of the Population problem started to be obvious after 
the second world war as a result of the continuous gradual decrease 
in death rate from one year to another due to the development in 
health services and the discovering of many vaccines and 
antibiotics, and the development of medicine and hygiene. This 
gradual decrease in death rate was not accompanied by that 
decrease in birth rate, but remained relatively high; which led to 
the hilarious increase in the population growth, thus the increase in 
the whole population.
- As, Egypt is characterized by the high increase and uneven 
distribution of population, the increase in rural migration to the 
cities led to the endangerment of the problem. Moreover, the 
changes that Egypt has witnessed in the fifties led to increasing in 
the construction of great industries that shared in creating new job 
opportunities and accordingly increased migration rate to the cities 
and the demand on urban housing.
- The Government tried to confront this crucial problem by giving 
the issue of Housing problem priority. However, this priority has 
been affected by the political and economic situations of the 
country; such as the priority of political conditions of war, or the

priority of economic development policies as encouragement of 
great industries and economic open-door policy.
- The Government policy directed its attention towards creating 
Housing projects for limited incomers as workers, and issuing laws 
and legislations to govern the relation between the owners and the 
tenants in return for the countries sacrifice of the taxes set on 
houses to encourage investment of the private sector in Housing. 
Finally, the government policy has been directed toward the 
construction of new cities, implementing new programs and 
national projects aiming to provide limited income sector with 
houses.